![]() Dreitz MJ, Dow SW, Fiscus SA, Hoover EA.Transplacental transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. di Maria H, Courpotin C, Rouzioux C, Cohen D, Rio D, Boussin F, Dormont D.Flow cytometric analysis of T-lymphocyte subsets in cats. Dean GA, Quackenbush SL, Ackley CD, Cooper MD, Hoover EA.The Working Group on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV. Report of a workshop on methodological issues Ghent (Belgium), 17-20 February 1992. Estimating the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Dabis F, Msellati P, Dunn D, Lepage P, Newell ML, Peckham C, Van de Perre P.The HIV Infection in Newborns French Collaborative Study Group. The use of viral culture and p24 antigen testing to diagnose human immunodeficiency virus infection in neonates. Burgard M, Mayaux MJ, Blanche S, Ferroni A, Guihard-Moscato ML, Allemon MC, Ciraru-Vigneron N, Firtion G, Floch C, Guillot F, et al.Proposed definitions for in utero versus intrapartum transmission of HIV-1. Bryson YJ, Luzuriaga K, Sullivan JL, Wara DW.Relation of the course of HIV infection in children to the severity of the disease in their mothers at delivery. Blanche S, Mayaux MJ, Rouzioux C, Teglas JP, Firtion G, Monpoux F, Ciraru-Vigneron N, Meier F, Tricoire J, Courpotin C, et al.Backé E, Unger M, Jimenez E, Siegel G, Schäfer A, Vogel M. ![]() Demonstration of HIV-1 infected cells in human placenta by in situ hybridisation and immunostaining. Backé E, Jiménez E, Unger M, Schäfer A, Jauniaux E, Vogel M.Immunologic abnormalities in pathogen-free cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. Ackley CD, Yamamoto JK, Levy N, Pedersen NC, Cooper MD.This may not be the complete list of references from this article. The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (241K). We conclude that FIV infection provides a model in which to explore aspects of human immunodeficiency virus vertical transmission and intervention difficult to address in human patients. In addition, we found that low maternal CD4 count (15 months), and maternal symptoms of clinical immunodeficiency correlated with increased rates of mother-to-kitten FIV transmission, paralleling observations in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women. Isolation of virus from 40% of maternal vaginal wash samples and the slightly greater infection rate in vaginally versus cesarean-delivered surrogate-nursed kittens suggested that intrapartum transmission may occur. Comparison of kittens nursed by FIV mothers with those by uninfected surrogate mothers demonstrated a 13.5% increase in infection rate of kittens exposed to milk-borne virus. Comparison of FIV infection rates at birth with those at 6 months of age in kittens delivered by cesarean and surrogate raised demonstrated that late in utero transmission occurred in approximately 20% of kittens. To examine potential routes of FIV transmission from mother to offspring, kittens were delivered via either vaginal or cesarean birth and nursed by either their virus-infected natural mothers or uninfected surrogate mothers. Queens infected 4 to 30 months (mean = 14 months) prior to conception transmitted FIV to 59 of 83 (71%) kittens 50.6% were virus positive on the day of birth. Vertical transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was studied in cats infected with either of two FIV clinical isolates (FIV-B-2542 or FIV-AB-2771) prior to breeding and conception.
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